Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo bomnotho kanye namandla okukhula aqinile, amazwe e-BRICS asephenduke injini ebalulekile yokusimama nokukhula komnotho womhlaba. Leli qembu lezimakethe ezisafufusa namazwe asathuthuka aligcini nje ngokuba sesikhundleni esibalulekile kumthamo wezomnotho ophelele, kodwa futhi libonisa izinzuzo zokuhlukahluka ngokuya ngezinsizakusebenza, ukwakheka kwezimboni namandla emakethe.
Uhlolojikelele lwezomnotho lwamazwe ayi-11 e-BRICS
Okokuqala, Usayizi wezomnotho usuwonke
1. Isamba se-GDP: Njengabamele amazwe asafufusa nasathuthuka, amazwe e-BRICS akwisikhundla esibalulekile emnothweni womhlaba. Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva (kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2024), i-GDP ehlangene yamazwe e-BRICS (i-China, i-India, i-Russia, i-Brazil, iNingizimu Afrika) ifinyelele ku-$ 12.83 trillion, okubonisa ukukhula okuqinile. Uma kubhekwa umnikelo we-GDP wamalungu amasha ayisithupha (i-Egypt, i-Ethiopia, i-Saudi Arabia, i-Iran, i-UAE, i-Argentina), ubukhulu bezomnotho bubonke bamazwe ayi-11 e-BRICS buzokwandiswa nakakhulu. Uma sithatha idatha yowezi-2022 njengesibonelo, isamba se-GDP yamazwe ayi-11 e-BRICS sifinyelele cishe kumathriliyoni angama-29.2 amadola aseMelika, okubalelwa ku-30% wesamba se-GDP yomhlaba wonke, esikhule eminyakeni yamuva nje, okukhombisa isikhundla esibalulekile samazwe e-BRICS umnotho womhlaba.
2. Inani labantu: Isamba senani labantu bamazwe e-BRICS ayi-11 nalo likhulu impela, lithatha cishe isigamu senani labantu emhlabeni. Ikakhulukazi, isibalo sabantu bamazwe e-BRICS sesifinyelele ezigidigidini ezi-3.26, kanti amalungu amasha ayisithupha anezele abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingama-390, okwenza isibalo sabantu be-BRICS samazwe ayi-11 sifinyelele ezigidigidini ezi-3.68, okubalelwa ku-46% wabantu bomhlaba. . Lesi sizinda sabantu abaningi sihlinzeka ngemakethe ecebile yezabasebenzi neyomthengi ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wamazwe e-BRICS.
Okwesibili, ingxenye yesamba sengqikithi yomnotho emnothweni womhlaba
Eminyakeni yakamuva, iqoqo lezomnotho lamazwe ayi-11 e-BRICS liqhubekile nokukhula ngokulingana nomnotho womhlaba, futhi seliphenduke amandla angeke ashaywe indiva emnothweni womhlaba. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-GDP ehlanganisiwe yamazwe ayi-11 e-BRICS izobalelwa ku-30% wesamba se-GDP yomhlaba ngo-2022, futhi lesi silinganiso kulindeleke ukuthi siqhubeke nokukhula eminyakeni ezayo. Ngokuqiniswa kokubambisana kwezomnotho kanye nokuhwebelana, amazwe e-BRICS aqhubekile nokukhuphula izinga lawo kanye nomthelela emnothweni womhlaba.
Izilinganiso zezomnotho zamazwe ayi-11 e-BRICS.
China
1.GDP kanye nezinga:
• I-GDP: US $17.66 trillion (idatha ka-2023)
• Izinga lomhlaba: 2
2. Ukukhiqiza: I-China iyizwe elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni elikhiqizayo, elinochungechunge lwezimboni oluphelele namandla amakhulu okukhiqiza.
• Impahla Ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe: Ngokunwetshwa kwemikhiqizo kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula komnotho, inani lokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe libalwa phezulu emhlabeni.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda: Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo kwengqalasizinda kunikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kokukhula komnotho.
I-India
1. Isamba se-GDP nezinga:
• Isamba se-GDP: $3.57 trillion (idatha ka-2023)
• Izinga lomhlaba jikelele: 5th
2. Izizathu zokukhula ngokushesha komnotho:
• Imakethe yasekhaya enkulu: inikeza amathuba amahle okukhula komnotho. Abasebenzi abasebasha: Abasebenzi abasebasha nabanamandla bayisisusa esibalulekile sokukhula komnotho.
• Umkhakha Wezobuchwepheshe Bolwazi: Umkhakha wezobuchwepheshe wolwazi okhula ngokushesha ufaka umfutho omusha ekukhuleni komnotho.
3. Izinselele namandla esikhathi esizayo:
• Izinselele: Izinkinga ezifana nobubha, ukungalingani kanye nenkohlakalo zithikameza ukuthuthuka komnotho.
• Amathuba esikhathi esizayo: Umnotho waseNdiya kulindeleke ukuthi ukhule ngokushesha ngokujulisa izinguquko kwezomnotho, ukuqinisa ingqalasizinda kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lemfundo.
Russia
1. Isamba somkhiqizo wasekhaya kanye nezinga:
• Isamba Somkhiqizo Wasekhaya: $1.92 trillion (idatha yango-2023)
• Izinga lomhlaba wonke: Izinga eliqondile lingashintsha ngokuya ngedatha yakamuva, kodwa lihlala liphezulu emhlabeni.
2.Izici Zezomnotho:
•Amandla athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe: Amandla ayinsika ebalulekile yomnotho waseRussia, ikakhulukazi uwoyela negesi othunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
•Imboni yezimboni yezempi: Umkhakha wezimboni wezempi udlala indima ebalulekile emnothweni waseRussia.
3. Umthelela wezomnotho wezijeziso kanye nezinselelo ze-geopolitical:
• Izijeziso zaseNtshonalanga zibe nomthelela emnothweni waseRussia, okudale ukuthi umnotho unciphe ngamadola.
• Kodwa-ke, iRussia iphendule ingcindezi yenswinyo ngokwandisa isikweletu sayo nokukhulisa umkhakha wayo wezempi nezimboni.
Brazil
1.Inani le-GDP nezinga:
• Ivolumu ye-GDP: $2.17 trillion (idatha ka-2023)
• Izinga lomhlaba: Ingashintshwa ngokusekelwe kudatha yakamuva.
2. Ukusimama Komnotho:
• Ezolimo: Ezolimo ziwumkhakha obalulekile emnothweni waseBrazil, ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa kukabhontshisi kabhontshisi umoba.
• Izimayini nezimboni: Imboni yezimayini nezimboni nayo ibe negalelo elibalulekile ekuvuseleleni umnotho.
3. Ukwehla kwamandla emali kanye nokulungiswa kwenqubomgomo yezimali:
• Ukwehla kwamandla emali eBrazil kwehlile, kodwa ingcindezi yokwehla kwamandla emali isalokhu ikhathaza.
• Ibhange elikhulu laseBrazil liqhubekile nokwehlisa amanani enzalo ukuze lisekele ukukhula komnotho.
Iningizimu Afrika
1.GDP kanye nezinga:
• I-GDP: US$377.7 billion (idatha ka-2023)
• Izinga lingehla ngemva kokunwetshwa.
2. Ukusimama komnotho:
• Ukusimama komnotho waseNingizimu Afrika kuntekenteke uma kuqhathaniswa, kanti nokutshalwa kwezimali kwehle kakhulu.
• Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi ephezulu kanye nokwehla kwePMI yokukhiqiza kuyizinselelo.
Iphrofayili yezomnotho yamazwe amasha angamalungu
1. I-Saudi Arabia:
• Isamba se-GDP: Cishe u-$1.11 trillion (ilinganiselwe ngokusekelwe kudatha yomlando namathrendi emhlabeni jikelele)
• Umnotho kawoyela: I-Saudi Arabia ingenye yezinkampani ezinkulu ezithumela uwoyela kwamanye amazwe, futhi umnotho kawoyela udlala indima enkulu ku-GDP yawo.
2. I-Argentina:
• Isamba se-GDP: ngaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingama-$630 (okulinganiselwe ngokusekelwe kudatha yomlando namathrendi omhlaba)
• Umnotho wesibili ngobukhulu eNingizimu Melika: I-Argentina ingenye yezomnotho ezibalulekile eNingizimu Melika, enosayizi wemakethe enkulu namandla.
3. I-UAE:
• I-GDP Ephelele: Nakuba inani eliqondile lingahluka ngonyaka nangezinga lezibalo, i-UAE inokutholakala okubalulekile emnothweni womhlaba ngenxa yomkhakha wayo kawoyela othuthukisiwe kanye nesakhiwo somnotho esihlukahlukene.
4. IGibhithe:
• I-GDP Ephelele: I-Egypt ingenye yeminotho emikhulu e-Afrika, enabasebenzi abaningi kanye nenala yemithombo yemvelo.
•Izici zomnotho: Umnotho wase-Egypt ubuswa ezolimo, ukukhiqiza kanye nezinsizakalo, futhi uye wakhuthaza ukuhlukahluka kwezomnotho kanye nezinguquko eminyakeni yamuva.
5. Iran:
• Isamba Somkhiqizo Wasekhaya: I-Iran ingenye yezomnotho ezinkulu eMpumalanga Ephakathi, enendathane yemithombo kawoyela negesi.
•Izici zomnotho: Umnotho wase-Iran uthinteke kakhulu unswinyo lwamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa usazama ukunciphisa ukuncika kwawo kuwoyela ngokuhlukanisa.
6. I-Ethiopia:
• I-GDP: I-Ethiopia inomnotho okhula ngokushesha kakhulu e-Afrika, lapho umnotho osekelwe kwezolimo usushintshela ekukhiqizeni nasezinsizeni.
• Izici zomnotho: Uhulumeni wase-Ethiopia ugqugquzela ngenkuthalo ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ukuze ahehe abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe futhi akhuthaze ukukhula komnotho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-30-2024