Ekushintsheni kwephethini yomnotho womhlaba kanye nokulungiswa kwesakhiwo somnotho wasekhaya, umnotho waseShayina uzoletha uchungechunge lwezinselelo namathuba amasha. Ngokuhlaziya ukuthambekela kwamanje kanye nesiqondiso senqubomgomo, singaba nokuqonda okuphelele kwenkambiso yentuthuko yomnotho waseShayina ngo-2025. Leli phepha lizodingida inkambiso yentuthuko yomnotho waseShayina kusukela ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni nokusungula izinto ezintsha, umnotho oluhlaza kanye nentuthuko esimeme. , ukushintsha kwezibalo zabantu, uhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, nomnotho wedijithali.
Okokuqala, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iShayina ibilokhu isheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kanye nokulungiswa kwesakhiwo, ithatha ukusungulwa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe njengento eyinhloko yokushayela, isebenzisa isu "lamandla okukhiqiza", futhi ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kanye nezinguquko. Ngo-2025, i-China izoqhubeka nokugqugquzela isu elithi “Industry 4.0″ kanye ne-“Made in China 2025”, futhi izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni izinga lokukhiqiza elihlakaniphile neledijithali. Njengamanje, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu njenge-5G, idatha enkulu, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye ne-inthanethi Yezinto ilethe amathuba amaningi ezimbonini zendabuko. Ukukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile: Ukukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile kuyinto ehamba phambili ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yokukhiqiza yaseChina, ikusasa lizoba ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa, i-inthanethi yezinto, i-cloud computing nobunye ubuchwepheshe, kancane kancane kuzuzwe ukukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo, ukuphathwa kwedijithali, ukuthatha izinqumo ezihlakaniphile. Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2025, usayizi wemakethe emkhakheni wokukhiqiza ohlakaniphile uzokwanda kakhulu, futhi amabhizinisi okukhiqiza endabuko azosheshisa ukuguqulwa kwezimboni ezihlakaniphile. Ucwaningo oluzimele nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obubalulekile: Ukungqubuzana kwezohwebo ne-Sino-US kanye nezinguquko ohlelweni lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke kukhulise ukugcizelela kweChina ocwaningweni oluzimele kanye nentuthuko kanye nokuzimela kwezobuchwepheshe. Kulindeleke ukuthi ngonyaka wezi-2025, i-China iqhubeke nokukhuphula ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R&D emikhakheni ebalulekile efana nama-chips, izinto ezithuthukisiwe kanye ne-biomedicine, futhi ikhuthaze ukufika ngokushesha kokusungulwa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe ezweni. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemboni yezokukhiqiza nezinsiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu: Ngokuthuthukiswa komnotho, umngcele phakathi kwemboni yokukhiqiza kanye nenkonzo uzoya ngokufiphala. Izimboni zokukhiqiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezifana nokukhiqiza imishini esezingeni eliphezulu, imishini yezokwelapha, i-aerospace kanye nezinye izimboni zokukhiqiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu zizohlanganiswa ngokujulile nezinsizakalo ezinenani eliphakeme ezifana nocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa, ukuklama, nokubonisana, ukwakha uhlobo olusha lwezimboni. "yokukhiqiza + isevisi" kanye nokukhuthaza ukukhula komnotho kwekhwalithi ephezulu.
Okwesibili, umnotho weGreen kanye nentuthuko esimeme
Ukuze kuzuzwe umgomo "we-carbon peak nokungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon", i-China ikhuthaza ngamandla umnotho oluhlaza kanye nentuthuko esimeme. Ngo-2025, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, umnotho ophansi wekhabhoni kanye nendilinga kuzoba yindikimba eyinhloko yokuthuthukiswa komnotho waseChina, okungeke kuthinte kuphela imodi yokukhiqiza kanye nesiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwazo zonke izigaba zokuphila, kodwa futhi kuthinte nakakhulu iphethini yokusetshenziswa. Ubuchwepheshe obusha bamandla kanye nemvelo: I-China ikhuthalele ukuthuthukisa imithombo emisha yamandla ukuze inciphise ukuncika kwayo emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2025, umthamo ofakiwe wamandla avuselelekayo njengelanga, umoya kanye namandla e-hydrogen azokwanda kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uchungechunge lwemboni yezimoto zikagesi, ukugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri, izindawo ezintsha zokushaja izimoto zamandla kanye neminye imikhakha ehlobene nayo izothuthuka ngokushesha. Umnotho oyindilinga kanye nokulawulwa kwemfucuza: Umnotho oyindilinga uwumhlahlandlela obalulekile wenqubomgomo yezemvelo yesikhathi esizayo, okuhloswe ngayo ukuzuza ukusetshenziswa kahle kwezinsiza kanye nobuningi bokugaywa kabusha kwemfucuza. Ngo-2025, ukuhlukaniswa kwemfucuza yasemadolobheni kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwezinsiza kuzokwenziwa kwaduma, futhi ukuphathwa kwemfucuza efana nemfucumfucu yezinto zikagesi, amapulasitiki, nefenisha endala kuzokwakha uchungechunge lwezimboni ezinkulu. IGreen Finance kanye ne-ESG Investment: Ngokuthuthuka ngokushesha komnotho oluhlaza, ezezimali eziluhlaza kanye ne-ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) izokhula. Zonke izinhlobo zemali kanye nezimali zizotshala imali eningi emandleni ahlanzekile, ezobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza kanye neminye imikhakha, futhi zikhuthaze amabhizinisi amaningi ukuze azuze intuthuko esimeme. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izikhungo zezimali zizokwethula amabhondi aluhlaza, izikweletu zentuthuko esimeme kanye neminye imikhiqizo ukukhuthaza amabhizinisi ukuthi aguqukele ekuvikelweni kwemvelo.
Okwesithathu, ukushintsha kwesakhiwo sabantu kanye nomphakathi oguga
Isakhiwo sabantu baseShayina sibhekene nezinguquko ezinkulu, futhi ukuguga nokuncipha kwamazinga okuzala kulethe izinselele ezinkulu emnothweni wezenhlalo. Ngo-2025, inqubo yokuguga yaseShayina izokhula ngesivinini, njengoba kulindeleke ukuthi inani labantu elineminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60 lifinyelele cishe amaphesenti angama-20 engqikithi yabantu. Izinguquko zezibalo zabantu zizoba nomthelela omkhulu emakethe yezabasebenzi, ukwakheka kokusetshenziswayo, kanye nokuvikeleka komphakathi. Ingcindezi yemakethe yezabasebenzi: Inani labantu asebekhulile lizoholela ekwehleni kwenani labantu abasebenzayo, futhi inkinga yokuntuleka kwemisebenzi izovela kancane kancane. Ukubhekana nalokhu, i-China idinga ukuvala ukwehla kwenani labasebenzi ngentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nezinzuzo zokukhiqiza. Ukwengeza, kuzokwethulwa izinqubomgomo zokukhuthaza ukubeletha, ukwandisa ukubamba iqhaza kwabesifazane, kanye nokubambezeleka komhlalaphansi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yempesheni: Lapho kubhekene nokuguga okusheshayo, imboni yempesheni izoletha intuthuko esheshayo ngo-2025. Izinsizakalo zokunakekela abantu abadala, imikhiqizo yezezimali zempesheni, izinto zokusebenza zempesheni ezihlakaniphile, njll., zizoba nendawo yemakethe ebanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokujula komphakathi osekhulile, imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo zezidingo zasebekhulile zizoqhubeka nokusungula izinto ezintsha. Ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo sokusetshenziswa: Ukuguga kuzophinde kuqhubekisele phambili izinguquko ekwakhekeni kokusetshenziswa, futhi isidingo sokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukudla kwezempilo, izinsizakalo zokunakekela asebekhulile nezinye izimboni zizokhula kakhulu. Imikhiqizo yokuphila kwabantu abadala, ukuphathwa kwezempilo, isiko nokuzijabulisa nakho kuzoba yingxenye ebalulekile yemakethe yabathengi.
Okokuqala, ukuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke
Izici zangaphandle ezifana nokushuba kwezingxabano zezohwebo phakathi kweChina ne-United States kanye nomthelela wobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 kwenze i-China yaphinde yacabangisisa isu layo lokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kanye nephethini yokuhweba yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngo-2025, ukungaqiniseki emnothweni womhlaba kuzoqhubeka nokuba khona, kodwa isimo somnotho wezwe laseShayina sizohlukahluka kakhulu, futhi ubudlelwano bamazwe ngamazwe buzonwetshwa nakakhulu. Ukubambisana kwezomnotho kwesifunda: Ngaphansi kwezinhlaka zokubambisana kwezomnotho zesifunda njenge-RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement) kanye ne-Belt and Road Initiative, i-China izoqinisa ukubambisana kwezomnotho ne-Southeast Asia, i-South Asia, i-Afrika, i-Middle East kanye nezinye izifunda ukuze kuthuthukiswe imakethe. ukuhlukahluka kanye nokunciphisa ukuncika emakethe eyodwa. Ubudlelwano bezohwebo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kweShayina nalezi zifunda kulindeleke ukuthi bukhule buqine ngo-2025. Ukuvikeleka kwe-Supply chain kanye nokwenza kwasendaweni: Ukungaqiniseki ochungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke kubangele i-China ukuthi iqhubeke nokuthuthukisa umthamo wokukhiqiza wendawo wamaketango abalulekile ezimbonini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza nokuphepha kwe-supply chain. Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-China izothuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezisezingeni eliphezulu futhi ithuthukise ithonya lamazwe ngamazwe "lemikhiqizo yasekhaya". I-RMB internationalization: I-RMB internationalization iyindlela ebalulekile yokuthi i-China ibambe iqhaza emnothweni womhlaba. Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2025, ingxenye ye-RMB esetshenziswa ekuhwebeni kwemingcele kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali izokwanda nakakhulu, ikakhulukazi emazweni nasezifundeni eziseduze ne-"Belt and Road", i-RMB izoba yimali yokuncintisana yokukhokhelana.
Okwesihlanu,umnotho weDijithali nomnotho wesikhulumi
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-03-2024