Uma ufuna ukuqonda incazelo ye-Light cargo ne-Heavy cargo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi siyini isisindo sangempela, isisindo sevolumu, nesisindo sokukhokha.
Okokuqala. Isisindo sangempela
Isisindo Sangempela Isisindo esitholwe ngokwesisindo (isisindo), okuhlanganisa Isisindo Sangempela Sangempela (GW) kanye Nesisindo Sangempela Sangempela (NW). Okuvame kakhulu isisindo sangempela.
Ezithuthweni zezimpahla zomoya, isisindo sangempela se-gross ngokuvamile siqhathaniswa nesisindo sevolumu esibaliwe, esikhulu okubalwe kuso futhi kushajwe impahla.
Okwesibili,Isisindo sevolumu
Isisindo se-Volumetric noma I-Dimensions Isisindo, okungukuthi, isisindo esibalwe kusukela kuvolumu yezimpahla ngokuya nge-coefficient ethile yokuguqulwa noma ifomula yokubala.
Ekuthuthweni kwempahla yomoya, isici sokuguqulwa sokubala isisindo sevolumu ngokuvamile singu-1:167, okungukuthi, i-cubic meter ilingana namakhilogremu angu-167.
Isibonelo: Isisindo sangempela esiphelele sokuthunyelwa kwempahla yomoya singama-95 kg, umthamo ungama-cubic metres angu-1.2, ngokusho kwe-coefficient of air cargo 1:167, isisindo somthamo walokhu kuthunyelwa ngu-1.2 * 167 = 200.4 kg, sikhulu kunesisindo esiphelele esingama-95 kg, ngakho-ke lo mthwalo uyi-Light Weight Cargo noma i-Light Cargo/Izimpahla noma i-Low Density. I-Cargo noma I-Measurement Cargo, izindiza zizoshaja ngesisindo somthamo kunesisindo esiphelele sangempela. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukuthutha emoyeni ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi yi-Light cargo, futhi impahla yasolwandle ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi i-light cargo, futhi igama lihlukile.
Futhi, isisindo sangempela se-gross yokuthunyelwa kwempahla yomoya ngu-560 kg kanti ivolumu ingu-1.5CBM. Ibalwa ngokuya nge-coefficient of air cargo 1:167, inqwaba yesisindo salokhu kuthunyelwa ngu-1.5*167=250.5 kg, okungaphansi kwesisindo sangempela esiyi-gross esingu-560 kg. Ngenxa yalokho, le Cargo ibizwa nge-Dead Weight Cargo noma Heavy Cargo/Goods noma High Density Cargo, futhi inkampani yezindiza iwukhokhisa ngesisindo sangempela, hhayi ngesisindo somthamo.
Ngamafuphi, ngokusho kwesici esithile sokuguqula, bala isisindo sevolumu, bese uqhathanisa isisindo sevolumu nesisindo sangempela, esikhulu ngokusho kwaleyo nkokhelo.
Okwesithathu, impahla encane
Isisindo esikhokhisiwe yisisindo sangempela esiyingqikithi noma isisindo sevolumu, isisindo esikhokhisiwe = isisindo sangempela VS isisindo sevolumu, noma yikuphi okukhulu yisisindo sokubala izindleko zokuhamba.Okwesine,indlela yokubala
Indlela yokubala ye-Express kanye nempahla yomoya:
Izinto zomthetho:
Ubude (cm) × ububanzi (cm) × ubude (cm) ÷6000= isisindo sevolumu (KG), okungukuthi, 1CBM≈166.66667KG.
Izinto ezingajwayelekile:
Okude kakhulu (cm) × okubanzi kakhulu (cm) × okuphezulu kakhulu (cm) ÷6000= isisindo sevolumu (KG), okungukuthi, 1CBM≈166.66667KG.
Lena i-algorithm eyamukelwe emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngamafuphi, i-cubic meter yesisindo esikhulu kune-166.67 kg ibizwa ngokuthi yimpahla esindayo, ngaphansi kuka-166.67 kg ibizwa ngokuthi yimpahla ehlanganisiwe.
Izimpahla ezisindayo zikhokhiswa ngokuvumelana nesisindo sangempela se-gross, futhi izimpahla ezilayishiwe zikhokhiswa ngokuvumelana nesisindo sevolumu.
Qaphela:
1. I-CBM ifushane ngeCubic Meter, okusho ukuthi cubic meter.
2, isisindo sevolumu siphinde sibalwa ngokuya ngobude (cm) × ububanzi (cm) × ubude (cm) ÷5000, akuvamile, ngokuvamile yizinkampani ze-Courier kuphela ezisebenzisa le-algorithm.
3, empeleni, ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpahla zomoya zokuthutha impahla enzima nempahla eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kuye ngokuthi ukuminyana, isibonelo, 1:30 0, 1, 400, 1:500, 1:800, 1:1000 kanye njalonjalo. Isilinganiso sihlukile, intengo ihlukile.
Isibonelo, 1:300 ngo-25 USD/kg, 1:500 ngo-24 USD/kg. Okubizwa ngokuthi i-1: 300 yi-cubic meter engu-1 elingana namakhilogremu angu-300, 1:400 iyi-cubic meter eyi-1 elingana namakhilogremu angu-400, njalonjalo.
4, ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele indawo nomthwalo wendiza, umthwalo osindayo kanye nempahla ngokuvamile kuyoba ukuhlanganisa okunengqondo, ukulayishwa komoya kuwumsebenzi wobuchwepheshe - ngokuhlanganisa okuhle, ungasebenzisa ngokugcwele izinsiza zesikhala esilinganiselwe. indiza, yenza kahle futhi yandise kakhulu inzuzo eyengeziwe. Umthwalo osindayo omningi uzomosha indawo (hhayi isikhala esigcwele sikhuluphele), umthwalo omningi uzomosha umthwalo (awugcwele isisindo).
Indlela yokubala yokuthumela:
1. Ukuhlukaniswa kwempahla esindayo kanye nempahla elula olwandle kulula kakhulu kunokuthutha emoyeni, futhi ibhizinisi lase-China le-LCL lasolwandle lihlukanisa ngokuyisisekelo impahla esindayo nempahla elula ngokwendinganiso yokuthi i-cubic meter engu-1 ilingana nethani elingu-1. E-LCL yasolwandle, izimpahla ezisindayo azivamile, ngokuyisisekelo ziyizimpahla ezilula, futhi i-LCL yolwandle ibalwa ngokuya ngevolumu yempahla, futhi impahla yomkhumbi ibalwa ngokwesisindo somehluko oyisisekelo, ngakho-ke ilula kakhulu. Abantu abaningi benza imithwalo eminingi yasolwandle, kodwa abakaze bezwe ngempahla elula nesindayo, ngoba ngokuyisisekelo ayisetshenziswa.
2, ngokombono wokupakisha umkhumbi, yonke into ye-Cargo stowage ingaphansi komthamo wempahla yomkhumbi, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Dead Weight Cargo/Izimpahla Ezisindayo; Noma yimuphi Umthwalo owumthwalo wawo omkhulu kunomthamo womkhumbi ubizwa ngokuthi I-Measurement Cargo/Impahla Elula.
3, ngokuhambisana nokubalwa kwempahla kanye nokuzijwayeza ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi kwamanye amazwe, yonke into yokubeka impahla ingaphansi kuka-1.1328 cubic metres/ton noma 40 cubic feet/ton wezimpahla, okuthiwa yi-heavy cargo; Yonke impahla ethosiwe enkulu kuno-1.1328 cubic metres/ton noma 40 cubic feet/ton of cargo, ebizwa ngokuthi
Indlela yokubala yokuthumela:
1. Ukuhlukaniswa kwempahla esindayo kanye nempahla elula olwandle kulula kakhulu kunokuthutha emoyeni, futhi ibhizinisi lase-China le-LCL lasolwandle lihlukanisa ngokuyisisekelo impahla esindayo nempahla elula ngokwendinganiso yokuthi i-cubic meter engu-1 ilingana nethani elingu-1. E-LCL yasolwandle, izimpahla ezisindayo azivamile, ngokuyisisekelo ziyizimpahla ezilula, futhi i-LCL yolwandle ibalwa ngokuya ngevolumu yempahla, futhi impahla yomkhumbi ibalwa ngokwesisindo somehluko oyisisekelo, ngakho-ke ilula kakhulu. Abantu abaningi benza imithwalo eminingi yasolwandle, kodwa abakaze bezwe ngempahla elula nesindayo, ngoba ngokuyisisekelo ayisetshenziswa.
2, ngokombono wokupakisha umkhumbi, yonke into ye-Cargo stowage ingaphansi komthamo wempahla yomkhumbi, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Dead Weight Cargo/Izimpahla Ezisindayo; Noma yimuphi Umthwalo owumthwalo wawo omkhulu kunomthamo womkhumbi ubizwa ngokuthi I-Measurement Cargo/Impahla Elula.
3, ngokuhambisana nokubalwa kwempahla kanye nokuzijwayeza ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi kwamanye amazwe, yonke into yokubeka impahla ingaphansi kuka-1.1328 cubic metres/ton noma 40 cubic feet/ton wezimpahla, okuthiwa yi-heavy cargo; Yonke impahla ethosiwe enkulu kuno-1.1328 cubic metres/ton noma 40 cubic feet/ton wempahla, ebizwa ngokuthi I-Measurement Cargo/Light Goods.
4, umqondo wempahla esindayo nelula uhlobene eduze ne-stowage, ezokuthutha, isitoreji kanye nokukhokha. Umthuthi noma umthumeli wempahla uhlukanisa phakathi kwempahla esindayo kanye nempahla encane/yokulinganisa ngokwemibandela ethile.
Amathiphu:
Ukuminyana kolwandle LCL yi-1000KGS/1CBM. I-Cargo iphinda isebenzise amathani enombolweni eyi-cubic, enkulu kuno-1 yimpahla esindayo, ingaphansi kuka-1 iyimpahla elula, kodwa manje isisindo esilinganiselwe sohambo, ngakho isilinganiso silungiswa sibe yi-1 ton /1.5CBM noma kunjalo.
Izimpahla zomoya, i-1000 kuya ku-6, okulingana ne-1CBM=166.6KGS, i-1CBM engaphezu kuka-166.6 iyimpahla enzima, ngokuphambene nempahla elula.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-14-2023