IHhovisi Lezokwazisa LoMkhandlu Wezwe libe nesithangami esivamile senqubomgomo yoMkhandlu Wombuso ngomhla zingama-23 kuMbasa wezi-2023 ukuze lazise izintatheli ngokugcina izinga eliqinile nesakhiwo esihle sokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe futhi liphendule imibuzo. Asibone -
Q1
Umbuzo: Yiziphi izinyathelo zenqubomgomo ezisemqoka zokugcina isikali esizinzile kanye nesakhiwo esizwakalayo sohwebo lwangaphandle?
A:
Ngomhla ziyisi-7 kuMbasa, umhlangano wesigungu soMkhandlu Kazwelonke wafunda izinqubomgomo nezinyathelo zokukhuthaza izinga eliqinile kanye nesakhiwo esizwakalayo sohwebo lwangaphandle. Le nqubomgomo ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili: okokuqala, ukuzinzisa isikali, futhi okwesibili, ukuthuthukisa isakhiwo.
Mayelana nokusimamisa isikali, kunezici ezintathu.
Okunye wukuzama ukwakha amathuba ohwebo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuqalisa kabusha imibukiso engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi e-China, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokucutshungulwa kwamakhadi okuhamba ebhizinisi e-APEC, kanye nokuphromotha ukuqaliswa kabusha okuqhubekayo nokuhlelekile kwezindiza zabagibeli bamazwe ngamazwe. Ukwengeza, sizophinde futhi sicele izithunywa zethu zamanxusa phesheya kwezilwandle ukuthi zengeze ukwesekwa kwezinkampani ezihweba kwamanye amazwe. Sizophinde sikhiphe izinyathelo eziqondile mayelana nemihlahlandlela yokuhwebelana eqondene nezwe, okuhloswe ngayo ukukhulisa amathuba okuhwebelana ezinkampanini.
Okwesibili, sizozinzisa ukuhwebelana ngemikhiqizo ebalulekile. Kuzosiza amabhizinisi ezimoto ukuthi asungule futhi athuthukise uhlelo lwenkonzo yokumaketha yamazwe ngamazwe, aqinisekise isidingo semali esifanelekile samaphrojekthi amakhulu wemishini ephelele, futhi asheshise ukubuyekezwa kohlu lobuchwepheshe nemikhiqizo ekhuthazwa ukuba ingeniswe kwamanye amazwe.
Okwesithathu, sizozinzisa amabhizinisi ohwebo lwangaphandle. Uchungechunge lwezinyathelo eziqondile luhlanganisa ukutadisha ukusungulwa kwesigaba sesibili se-Trade Innovation and Development Guidance Fund, ukukhuthaza amabhange nezikhungo zomshwalense ukuthi zandise ukubambisana ekuxhaseni umshwalense ngezimali kanye nokuthuthukisa izikweletu, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezinkampani ezincane, ezincane neziphakathi. amabhizinisi amancane oxhaso lwezimali zohwebo lwangaphandle, kanye nokusheshisa ukunwetshwa kokubhala ngaphansi komshwalense ochungechungeni lwezimboni.
Esicini sesakhiwo esihle kakhulu, kunezici ezimbili.
Okokuqala, sidinga ukuthuthukisa amaphethini okuhweba. Senze isiphakamiso sokuqondisa ukudluliswa kwe-gradient kohwebo lokucubungula ezindaweni ezimaphakathi, ezisentshonalanga kanye nenyakatho-mpumalanga. Sizophinde sibuyekeze izinyathelo zokuphatha ukuhwebelana kwemingcele, futhi sisekele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area njengendawo yokuhamba ngedijithali yohwebo lomhlaba wonke. Siphinde futhi siqondise izinhlaka ezifanele zezohwebo nezinhlangano ukuze zivumelane nezimfuneko zokuvikelwa kwemvelo okuluhlaza, sakhe izindinganiso eziluhlaza kanye nekhabhoni ephansi kweminye imikhiqizo yohwebo lwangaphandle, futhi siqondise amabhizinisi ukuthi asebenzise kahle izinqubomgomo zentela eziphuma kwamanye amazwe ze-e-commerce.
Okwesibili, sizothuthukisa imvelo yokuthuthukiswa kohwebo lwangaphandle. Sizosebenzisa kahle uhlelo lwesexwayiso kusenesikhathi kanye nenqubo yenkonzo yezomthetho, siqhubekisele phambili intuthuko “yewindi elilodwa”, siqhubekisele phambili nokwenza lula ukucutshungulwa kwezaphulelo zentela yokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, sithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha intela emachwebeni, futhi sisebenzise izivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala. isivele isebenza ngekhwalithi ephezulu. Sizophinde sishicilele iziqondiso zokusetshenziswa kwezimboni ezibalulekile.
Q2
Q: Ungawasiza kanjani amabhizinisi ukuthi azinzise ama-oda futhi andise imakethe?
A:
Okokuqala, kufanele sibambe iCanton Fair kanye nochungechunge lweminye imibukiso.
Umbukiso ongaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi we-133 we-Canton Fair uyaqhubeka, futhi manje isigaba sesibili sesiqalile. Ngekota yokuqala yalo nyaka, uMnyango Wezohwebo wenze irekhodi noma wagunyaza imibukiso engu-186 yezinhlobo ezahlukene. Sidinga ukusiza amabhizinisi ukuthi axhumane.
Okwesibili, lula ukuxhumana kwebhizinisi.
Njengamanje, izinga lokusimama kwezindiza zethu eziya kwamanye amazwe eziya emazweni angaphandle selifinyelele cishe kumaphesenti angama-30 uma liqhathaniswa nezinga elingaphambi kobhubhane, futhi sisasebenza kanzima ukuze sikusebenzise ngokugcwele lezi zindiza.
UMnyango Wezangaphandle kanye neminye iminyango ethintekayo icindezela amazwe afanelekile ukuthi ahambise izicelo zama-visa ezinkampanini zaseShayina, futhi senza lula ukufaka isicelo se-visa ezinkampanini zakwamanye amazwe e-China.
Ikakhulukazi, sisekela i-APEC Business Travel Card njengenye indlela yama-visa. Ikhadi le-visa elibonakalayo lizovunyelwa ngomhlaka-1 Meyi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iminyango yasekhaya efanelekile iyaqhubeka nokufunda futhi ithuthukise izindlela zokuthola ukude ukuze kube lula ukuvakasha kwebhizinisi e-China.
Okwesithathu, sidinga ukujulisa ukuqanjwa kabusha kwezohwebo. Ikakhulukazi, i-e-commerce kufanelekile ukusho.
Umnyango Wezohwebo usulungele ukukhuthaza kancane kancane ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokuhlola eziphelele ze-e-commerce ewela umngcele, futhi wenze ukuqeqeshwa komkhiqizo, ukwakhiwa kwemithetho nezindinganiso, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwezindawo zokugcina izimpahla zaphesheya kwezilwandle. Sihlela nokubamba umhlangano esizeni endaweni yokuhlola ephelele ye-e-commerce ewela imingcele ukuze sikhuthaze imikhuba emihle yokuhweba nge-elekthronikhi emngceleni.
Okwesine, sizokweseka amabhizinisi ekuhloleni izimakethe ezihlukene.
Umnyango Wezohwebo uzokhipha imihlahlandlela yezohwebo yezwe, futhi izwe ngalinye lizokwenza umhlahlandlela wokuphromotha ukuhweba wezimakethe ezibalulekile. Sizophinde futhi sisebenzise kahle indlela yeQembu Elisebenzayo ekuhwebeni okungavinjelwanga ngaphansi kwe-Belt and Road Initiative eyasungulwa namazwe amaningi ukuze sisize ekuxazululeni ubunzima izinkampani zaseShayina ezibhekana nazo ekuhloleni izimakethe emazweni agudle iBelt and Road nokwandisa amathuba kuzo.
Q3
Q: Ezezimali zingakusekela kanjani ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kohwebo lwangaphandle?
A:
Okokuqala, sithathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa izindleko zokuxhasa ngezimali umnotho wangempela. Ngo-2022, isilinganiso senzalo esilinganiselwe semalimboleko yebhizinisi sehle ngamaphuzu angama-34 unyaka nonyaka safinyelela kumaphesenti angama-4.17, okuyizinga eliphansi kakhulu emlandweni.
Okwesibili, sizoqondisa izikhungo zezezimali ukuze zandise ukwesekwa kwamabhizinisi amancane, amancane nazimele okuhwebelana namazwe angaphandle. Ekupheleni kuka-2022, izikweletu ezincane nezincane ezisele zikaPratt & Whitney zenyuke ngamaphesenti angama-24 unyaka nonyaka zafinyelela kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-24.
Okwesithathu, iqondisa izikhungo zezezimali ukuthi zinikeze izinsizakalo zokulawulwa kwezinga lokushintshisana kwezinga lobungozi emabhizinisini ohwebo lwangaphandle, futhi ikhulule izimali zokuhwebelana ngokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe ezihlobene nezinsizakalo zamabhange zamabhizinisi amancane, amancane naphakathi nendawo. Kuwo wonke unyaka odlule, isilinganiso sokuvikela amabhizinisi senyuke ngamaphesenti angu-2.4 ukusuka onyakeni odlule safinyelela ku-24%, kanye nekhono lamabhizinisi amancane, aphakathi nendawo kanye namancane okugwema ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushintshisana kwaba ngcono nakakhulu.
Okwesine, indawo yokuhlala ye-RMB yohwebo oluwela imingcele iye yathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhwebelana kwemingcele. Kuwo wonke unyaka odlule, isikali se-RMB esiwela umngcele sokuhwebelana kwezimpahla sikhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-37 unyaka nonyaka, sibalwa ngamaphesenti ayi-19 engqikithi, ngamaphesenti angama-2.2 ngaphezulu kwalawo ngo-2021.
Q4
Q: Yiziphi izinyathelo ezintsha ezizothathwa ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwe-e-commerce ewela imingcele?
A:
Okokuqala, sidinga ukwakha ibhande le-e-commerce + eliwela umngcele. Ngokuthembela ezindaweni eziyi-165 zokuhlola i-e-commerce eziwela imingcele ezweni lethu futhi sihlanganisa izibonelelo zezimboni kanye nezinzuzo zesifunda zezifunda ezahlukahlukene, sizothuthukisa imikhiqizo eminingi yasendaweni ekhethekile ukuze ingene emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe kangcono. Okusho ukuthi, ngenkathi senza umsebenzi omuhle ebhizinisini le-B2C elibhekene nabathengi, sizophinde sisekele ngamandla amabhizinisi ethu okuhweba angaphandle ukuze andise iziteshi zokuthengisa, sihlakulele izinhlobo zemikhiqizo futhi sandise izinga lokuhweba ngokusebenzisa i-e-commerce ewela imingcele. Ikakhulukazi, sizonweba isikali sohwebo se-B2B namandla esevisi yamabhizinisi.
Okwesibili, sidinga ukwakha inkundla yesevisi ye-inthanethi ebanzi. Eminyakeni yakamuva, zonke izindawo zokuhlola zikhuthaza ngenkuthalo ukwakhiwa kwamapulatifomu esevisi adidiyelwe ku-inthanethi. Njengamanje, lezi zinkundla zisebenze amabhizinisi e-e-commerce angaphezu kwe-60,000, cishe amaphesenti angama-60 amabhizinisi e-e-commerce awela imingcele yezwe.
Okwesithathu, thuthukisa ukuhlola nokuhlola ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokukhuthaza amandla. Sizoqhubeka nokuhlanganisa izici ezintsha zokuthuthukiswa kwe-e-commerce ewela imingcele, sithuthukise futhi silungise izinkomba zokuhlola. Ngokuhlaziya, sizoqondisa izindawo zokuhlola eziphelele ukuze kwandiswe indawo yentuthuko, sithuthukise izinga lokusungula izinto ezintsha, futhi sisheshise ukutshalwa kwenani lezinkampani ezibalulekile.
Okwesine, ukuqondisa ukuthobela imithetho, ukuvimbela nokulawula ubungozi. Sizosebenzisana ngokugcwele neHhovisi Lombuso Lempahla Yengqondo ukuze kusheshiswe ukukhishwa kwemihlahlandlela yokuvikela ye-IPR ye-e-commerce ewela imingcele, futhi sisize amabhizinisi e-e-commerce awela imingcele ukuze aqonde isimo se-IPR ezimakethe eziqondiwe futhi enze umsebenzi wawo wasekhaya kusenesikhathi.
Q5
Q: Yiziphi izinyathelo ezilandelayo zokukhuthaza ukuzinza nokuthuthukiswa kokucubungula uhwebo?
A:
Okokuqala, sizothuthukisa ukudluliswa kwe-gradient kohwebo lokucubungula.
Sizokwenza umsebenzi omuhle ekukhuthazeni uhwebo olucutshungulwayo, siqinise ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo, futhi sithuthukise indlela yokumisa imikhumbi. Ukuqhubekela phambili, sizoqhubeka nokweseka ukudluliselwa kohwebo olusenkabeni, entshonalanga kanye nasenyakatho-mpumalanga ngokusekelwe kulokho esesivele sikwenzile. Sizokhuthaza ukudluliswa, ukuguqulwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuhwebelana kokucubungula.
Okwesibili, sizogqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwamafomu amasha okuhweba okucutshungulwa afana nokugcinwa kwezibopho.
Okwesithathu, ukuze sisekele uhwebo olucutshungulwayo, kufanele siqhubeke nokudlala ngokugcwele indima enkulu yokucubungula izifundazwe zohwebo.
Sizoqhubeka nokudlala ngokugcwele indima yezifundazwe ezinkulu zohwebo, sikhuthaze futhi sisekele ohulumeni basekhaya ukuthi baqhubeke nokuqinisa izinsiza zalawa mabhizinisi amakhulu okuhwebelana, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwamandla, abasebenzi kanye nokwesekwa kwezikweletu, kanye nokubanikeza iziqinisekiso. .
Okwesine, ngenxa yobunzima bamanje obukhona ekucubungulweni kohwebo, uMnyango Wezohwebo uzofunda ngesikhathi futhi ukhiphe izinqubomgomo ezithile.
Q6
Umbuzo: Yiziphi izinyathelo ezizothathwa esinyathelweni esilandelayo ukuze kusetshenziswe kangcono indima enhle yempahla ephuma ngaphandle ekugcineni izinga eliqinile kanye nesakhiwo esizwakalayo sohwebo lwangaphandle?
A:
Okokuqala, sidinga ukwandisa imakethe yokungenisa.
Kulo nyaka, sibeke amanani entengo yesikhashana yokungenisa impahla ezimpahleni eziyi-1,020. Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi amanani entengo yesikhashana yokungenisa ezweni angaphansi kwamanani entengo esiwathembise i-WTO. Njengamanje, izinga lentela elimaphakathi lempahla ethengwayo eChina lilinganiselwa ku-7%, kanti izinga lentela elimaphakathi lamazwe asathuthuka ngokwezibalo ze-WTO lilinganiselwa ku-10%. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuzimisela kwethu ukwandisa ukufinyelela ezimakethe zethu zokungenisa ezweni. Sisayine izivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala eziyi-19 namazwe nezifunda ezingama-26. Isivumelwano sohwebo lwamahhala singasho ukuthi amanani entengo yezinto eziningi esizithenga kwamanye amazwe azokwehliswa aze afike kuqanda, okuzosiza futhi ekwandiseni ukuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe. Sizophinde futhi sidlale indima enhle ekuthengisweni kwezitolo ze-e-commerce emazweni angaphandle kwemingcele ukuze siqinisekise ukuthengwa okuzinzile kwemikhiqizo eyinqwaba kanye nokwandisa ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kwamandla nemikhiqizo yezinsiza, imikhiqizo yezolimo kanye nezimpahla zabathengi ezidingwa yiChina.
Okubaluleke nakakhulu, sisekela ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, amathuluzi abalulekile kanye nezingxenye ezibalulekile kanye nezingxenye zokukhuthaza ukulungiswa kanye nokwenza kahle kwesakhiwo sezimboni zasekhaya.
Okwesibili, nikeza indima indima yesikhulumi sombukiso wokungenisa.
Ngomhla ziyi-15 kuMbasa, uMnyango Wezezimali, Ukuphathwa Okujwayelekile Kwezintela kanye Nokuphathwa Kwentela Kwezwe bakhiphe inqubomgomo yokungakhokhi intela yokungenisa, intela eyengeziwe kanye nentela yokusetshenziswa emibukisweni evela kwamanye amazwe edayiswe ngesikhathi sombukiso we-China Import and Export Commodity Trade. kulo nyaka, okuzobasiza ukuthi balethe imibukiso eChina ukuze babukiswe futhi idayiswe. Manje sekunemibukiso engu-13 ezweni lakithi ejabulela le nqubomgomo, esiza ekwandiseni ukuthengwa kwempahla evela kwamanye amazwe.
Okwesithathu, sizogqugquzela izindawo zokubonisa ukusungulwa kohwebo lwangaphandle.
Izwe selisungule izindawo ezingu-43 zokubonisa ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, ezingama-29 zazo zasungulwa ngonyaka odlule. Kulezi zindawo zokubonisa ukungenisa, ukuqaliswa kwenqubomgomo kuye kwenziwa esifundeni ngasinye, njengokwandisa ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla zabathengi, ukudala izikhungo zokuhweba ngempahla, kanye nokukhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwemikhiqizo evela kwamanye amazwe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwasekhaya namabhizinisi asekhaya awela phansi.
Okwesine, sizothuthukisa ukugqugquzela ukungeniswa kwempahla ezweni lonke.
Ngokuhlanganyela neCustoms, uMnyango Wezohwebo uzothuthukisa ukunwetshwa komsebenzi wesevisi "yewindi elilodwa", ukhuthaze ukujula nokuqina kohwebo, ukhuthaze ukufundana phakathi kwamachweba okungenisa, uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokugeleza kwempahla evela kwamanye amazwe, unciphise umthwalo. emabhizinisini, futhi yenze uchungechunge lwezimboni zaseShayina kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla luthembeke futhi lusebenze kahle.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-24-2023